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Concept of Judicial Review

                                                                                           Concept of  Judicial Review  Judicial review is the exercise of power by superior courts to test the legality of any governmental/ State action . It is the exertion of the court’s inherent power to determine whether an action is lawful or not and to grant appropriate relief.  This concept is enshrined in our Indian Constitution and also forms a part of the basic structure of constitution ( Keshvananda Bharati v. Union of India , AIR 1973 SC 1461). Art 13 read with articles 32, 226,227 expressly confer this power. It is such a power and that type of jurisdiction that is most frequently and potently involved and exercised. Judicial review is being founded on the concept of limited government. In India it extends to testing the constitutional amendments on the touchstone of basic structure of constitution. Scope of Judicial Review  It can declare any law passed by the state legislatures as null a

20 Interesting Facts about Constitution which one should know

                                        Amazing facts about our CONSTITUTION ( constitution of india in hindi)  1. The first President of India was elected on 24th January, 1950 .  2.  Our national flag was adopted on 22nd July , 1947 . It was designed by Pengali Venkiyah  3. Elephant was adopted as the symbol of Constitutional asssembly .  4. Sir B.N. Rao ( Benegal Narsing Rao) was the legal advisor to the Constituent assembly. 5.  The oldest temporary member of the Constituent assembly was Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha .  6.  Almost 70+ countries were referred before framing the Constitution. 7. Our national anthem was adopted on 24th of January, 1950 . It was composed by Rabindranath Tagore and was originally written in Bengali language.  8. The draft constitution was considered for 114 days. 9. The total expenditure incurred in framing the constitution was around 64 lakhs. 10. S.N . Mukherjee  was the chief draftsman to the Indian Constitution . 11. Our constitution was framed in two

SOURCES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION(constitution of India in hindi)

SOURCES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION(constitution of India in Hindi)                            The sources of Indian Constitution are as follows  : -   1. BRITAIN  Single citizenship, Parliamentary form of government, rule of law ,lawmaking procedure , Winning elections on the basis of majority vote 2. U.S.A Fundamental rights, supremacy of Constitution, independent judiciary, Pavel of judicial review, Post of president, election of President, post ofvice president, impeachment of President, Financial emergency, idea of preamble  3. GERMANY  power of president during emergency 4. RUSSIA Fundamental duties, idea of equal justice 5. JAPAN Procedure established by law  6. IRELAND Directive principles of state policy, election process of president, nomination of the twelve members in Rajya Sabha , emergency, Awards and honours given  by President. 7. FRANCE Idea of a republican state, idea of liberty equality and fraternity. 8. AUSTRALIA  Language of preamble, relation between union and state,

The Secrets to Art 370 of Indian Constitution

Introduction  The citizens of India are known for its unity and believe in unity in diversity. The togetherness of Indians helps them to fight against the problem and come out with an effective solution. The Preamble of Indian Constitution also speaks about assuring unity. The Constitution of India has now gained strength again by revoking Art 370 and making Jammu and Kashmir a Union Territory of India. Let's understand Article 370 in detail.  Article 370 and Indian Constitution :- An earlier theory  Special Status had been conferred to Jammu and Kashmir under Art 370 of Constitution of India. They had their own constitution. The provisions of Article 238 did not apply to the state. The directive principles of state policy also did not apply to them. They had their own Chief Minister and Governor to administer the State. Article 360 ,which was related to financial emergency did not apply to it.  The Changed Scenario  Now Article

The Rule 5 of Information Technology Rules, Mystery revealed

Introduction  Employees are considered the assets of a company. They work day in day out to maintain the position of the company. For the employees who contribute so much to the company, it becomes the responsibility of the company to provide safety to them so that they travel home safely. In this blog we are going to discuss about the privacy regulation which is extremely useful for employees who travel alone in cab.  Safety through Apps ( Advanced Technology)  Technology has reached to an advanced level and has widened in those areas also where it is highly required for safety reasons. Many apps have been designed to provide safety and protection to passengers who travel alone in cab.  What they need to do is, just download the app and through the app, they get to know the details of the driver and the authenticity of his license. They are required to provide their correct details so that no harm is caused to the passenger in any sense.

Can no orders be given in a withdrawal suit

Introduction   There are instances when the court gives interim orders in a petition and later on if it is withdrawn, no orders can be given in that particular suit. This is a part of civil law and has been provided under Order 23 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 2018. Let us understand the concept in detail.  Order 23 Rule 1 CPC and withdrawal of suit  The provisions regarding withdrawal of suit are mentioned under Order 23 Rule 1 CPC. It has been mentioned in it that after withdrawal of suit ,no orders can be passed in the particular case. The defendant cannot compell the plaintiff to file a fresh suit. The defendant has one relief that he can ask the plaintiff to give the expenses which were given by him.  Will the benefits gained by plaintiff in interim order vanish after withdrawal  This is a question of great importance in such withdrawal of suit. The answer is that benefits of interim orders will be enjoyed till the suit is not withdrawn from

Critical Appraisal on Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora Fauna, 1973

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild Fauna Flora,  1973- A critical appraisal Abstract The appraisal of the convention brings about various measures taken for the restrictions  brought about the trading of rare and endangered species of flora – fauna in the year 1973.  According to the recent figures taken out regarding the animal species, it has been stated that  around 800 of the species are extinct and over more than 1500 species are facing the danger  of extinction. The reasons for the extinction of various species is because of various  environmental factors such as increasing of pollution, change in the lifestyle of humans and  various other factors leading to the constant destruction of the forest cover. This convention  consists of three basic principles which are self explanatory in nature. Apart from the working of the convention, the terminologies such as flora and fauna