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                                                       Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha  The Deputy Speaker forms an essential part of the Parliament. He has the same powers unlike the Speaker of the Lok Sabha . Let’s understand who is he and what are his functions in the Parliament . Election   The Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha is elected by the members of the Lok Sabha just as the speaker of  Lok Sabha is elected.  Order of election  The Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha is elected after the election of Lok Sabha Speaker . When he plays active role  When the office of Lok Sabha speaker goes vacant , then his role comes into play . He carries the same responsibility as that of a Lok Sabha Speaker. By whom is the election of Deputy Speaker fixed   The election of the Deputy speaker is fixed by the Speaker of Lok Sabha  In what circumstances does his vacate his office   1. When he ceases to be a member of Lok Sabha  2. If he resigns by writing to the Speaker  3. If he is removed by a resolution p

                                                                                           Concept of  Judicial Review  Judicial review is the exercise of power by superior courts to test the legality of any governmental/ State action . It is the exertion of the court’s inherent power to determine whether an action is lawful or not and to grant appropriate relief.  This concept is enshrined in our Indian Constitution and also forms a part of the basic structure of constitution ( Keshvananda Bharati v. Union of India , AIR 1973 SC 1461). Art 13 read with articles 32, 226,227 expressly confer this power. It is such a power and that type of jurisdiction that is most frequently and potently involved and exercised. Judicial review is being founded on the concept of limited government. In India it extends to testing the constitutional amendments on the touchstone of basic structure of constitution. Scope of Judicial Review  It can declare any law passed by the state legislatures as null a

                                        Amazing facts about our CONSTITUTION ( constitution of india in hindi)  1. The first President of India was elected on 24th January, 1950 .  2.  Our national flag was adopted on 22nd July , 1947 . It was designed by Pengali Venkiyah  3. Elephant was adopted as the symbol of Constitutional asssembly .  4. Sir B.N. Rao ( Benegal Narsing Rao) was the legal advisor to the Constituent assembly. 5.  The oldest temporary member of the Constituent assembly was Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha .  6.  Almost 70+ countries were referred before framing the Constitution. 7. Our national anthem was adopted on 24th of January, 1950 . It was composed by Rabindranath Tagore and was originally written in Bengali language.  8. The draft constitution was considered for 114 days. 9. The total expenditure incurred in framing the constitution was around 64 lakhs. 10. S.N . Mukherjee  was the chief draftsman to the Indian Constitution . 11. Our constitution was framed in two

SOURCES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION(constitution of India in Hindi)                            The sources of Indian Constitution are as follows  : -   1. BRITAIN  Single citizenship, Parliamentary form of government, rule of law ,lawmaking procedure , Winning elections on the basis of majority vote 2. U.S.A Fundamental rights, supremacy of Constitution, independent judiciary, Pavel of judicial review, Post of president, election of President, post ofvice president, impeachment of President, Financial emergency, idea of preamble  3. GERMANY  power of president during emergency 4. RUSSIA Fundamental duties, idea of equal justice 5. JAPAN Procedure established by law  6. IRELAND Directive principles of state policy, election process of president, nomination of the twelve members in Rajya Sabha , emergency, Awards and honours given  by President. 7. FRANCE Idea of a republican state, idea of liberty equality and fraternity. 8. AUSTRALIA  Language of preamble, relation between union and state,